Mills in Byzantium and their Economic and Social Impact

Image of a mill in the mosaics in the Great Imperial Palace in Constantinople (6th century, photo by David Hendrix)

This four-year project explores the social and economic impact of milling in Byzantine society (4th–15th centuries), focusing on flour mills and hand-operated querns across Asia Minor, the Southern Balkans, and the Aegean, based primarily on written sources, with the support of pictorial evidence and archaeological publications. It aims to reveal how milling shaped communities, technology, and environmental interaction, with findings shared via an open-access database, scholarly publications, and an international workshop.

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