Michael Ornetzeder holds a postdoctoral lecturing qualification in science and technology studies. His main research interest is in the field of sustainable technological development.
Born in 1965, he grew up in Salzburg and studied sociology and geography at the University of Vienna (Diploma 1992). In his doctoral thesis he studied the historical development of solar energy technology in the US (PhD 1998). In 2010 he qualified as a university lecturer in science and technology studies at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna.
From 1990 to 1997 Michael Ornetzeder was a member and a scientific project manager at the Centre of Appropriate Technology (GrAT) at the Technical University of Vienna. From 1998 to 2007 he worked as a project manager and head of department at the Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI), Vienna. Between 2004 and 2005 he was also a research fellow at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg. Currently he is a lecturer at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences and at the University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria. Since 2007 he has been a research associate of the ITA in the field of technology and sustainability. In his work he focuses on sustainable technology development, sociology of technology and innovation, as well as participatory and constructive TA.
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His list of publications includes numerous journal papers and book chapters, most recently with a thematic focus on sustainable energy technology and transition research.
This paper aims to improve our knowledge of energy use and well-being in energy efficient office buildings. It explores the interrelations between forms and patterns of energy use on the one hand and user satisfaction, comfort, and well-being on the other hand. Findings are derived from qualitative and quantitative data collected in a recently finished research project in Austria. Fieldwork consisted of two qualitative case studies as well as an online-based survey amongst users of energy efficient office buildings. In addition, secondary data from energy-monitoring research was used to underpin the analysis. The results show that extremely low levels of energy use in office buildings can be aligned with high levels of well-being. Based on empirical findings the paper argues that both well-being and energy performance in office buildings are the result of a complex, on-going and intertwined process that involves various material and social elements.
Dieser Artikel ist zuerst im Jahr 2001 erschienen, in: Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 13(1): 105-115.
Abstract:
A central claim of sustainable development is the far-reaching use of renewable forms of energy. This article focuses on the fact that solar water heaters are much more popular in Austria than in most other European countries. The enormous success of solar heaters in the 1990s is explained by two specific social phenomena that only can be observed in Austria: first, by a self-construction movement, consisting of single do-it-yourself groups started in the early 1980s that has spread throughout Austria. A major aspect of this movement was a comprehensive diffusion strategy that made it easy for nearly everyone to get a solar water system. Second, an atypical group of adopters were responsible for the unexpected dissemination success. Most of these early adopters were households in rural regions, interested in solar heaters due to a feature that already played a central role in the very beginning of this technology - more personal comfort. The close connection between the self-construction movement and early users enabled ongoing technical improvements of the system, which were adopted by commercial producers and installation companies.
SmartResponse – Szenarien für Smart Response in Österreich
List of all authors:
Andreas Schiffleitner, KERP Research GmbH
Marek Stachura , KERP Research GmbH
Marcus Meisel, TU Wien
Thomas Leber, TU Wien
Friederich Kupzog, TU Wien
Michael Ornetzeder, Ö. Akademie der Wissenschaften – ITA
Petra Wächter, Ö. Akademie der Wissenschaften – ITA
Jaro Sterbik-Lamina, Ö. Akademie der Wissenschaften – ITA
Automatisiertes Lastmanagement (engl. Automated Demand Response) hat das Potential, sich zu einer Schlüsseltechnologie für das Einhalten der Leistungsbalance von Verbrauch und Erzeugung in Energiesystemen mit einer hohen Dichte an erneuerbaren Erzeugung zu entwickeln. Dieses Projekt analysiert das Problem fehlender Umsetzungen in Österreich durch eine interdisziplinäre Betrachtung des Phänomens „Lastmanagement“ hinsichtlich technischer, sozialer, ökonomischer und ökologischer Aspekte. Weiters sollen Empfehlungen für zukünftige Rahmenbedingungen aus dieser Analyse resultieren, die es erst ermöglichen Lastmanagement von smarten Stromnetzen effizient zu betreiben.
Dieses Paper beschreibt in einem Strategie-Kit wichtige Arbeiten im Zusammenhang mit Demand Response. Aspekte und Strategien der einzelnen Szenarien werden in den folgenden Abschnitten beschrieben.
-> Crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic confront science and politics with new challenges. -> Scientific policy advice informs administration and politics, and its quality and effectiveness depend on various criteria. -> In order to increase efficiency and createtrust, scientific policy advice must be transparent. -> At the same time, trust is strengthened during chronic crises when a variety of perspectives are taken into account. -> In order to provide adequate advice, it is essential that sufficient resources are available.
--> Der massive Ausbau dezentraler Photovoltaik-Anlagen erfordert verstärkt Maßnahmen zur Netzintegration. -> Diese Maßnahmen betreffen dieVerteilnetzbetreiber, der Haushalte oder gleichzeitig mehrere Akteure. -> Ein systematischer Vergleich der Optionen zeigt, dass sich die Folgen und Risiken für Betreiber, Umwelt und Gesellschaft zum Teil erheblich unterscheiden. -> Es fehlt an rechtlichen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen, um die Vorteile alternativer Maßnahmen mit geringeren sozialen und ökologischen Risiken besser zu nutzen.
-> European cities need to be fundamentally modernised to meet climate and energy policy requirements. -> The goal is to have 100 Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe by 2025. -> The implementation of PEDs poses major technical, social, organisational, and economic challenges. -> The aim of this analysis is to strengthen strategic urban planning to enable more sustainable construction.
-> Die europäischen Städte müssen aus klimaund energiepolitischen Gründen grundlegend erneuert werden. -> Bis 2025 soll es in Europa 100 Plus-EnergieStadtteile geben. -> Die Realisierung von Plus-Energie-Stadtteilen ist mit großen technischen, sozialen, organisatorischen und wirtschaftlichen Herausforderungen verbunden. -> Ziel dieser Analyse ist die Stärkung der strategischen Stadtplanung, damit mehr nachhaltiges Bauen möglich wird.
-> Temporary housing as a topic in urban development has received very little attention so far. -> However, as a qualitative niche option, temporary forms of housing can certainly have an impact. -> Using the city of Vienna as an example, various scenarios and specific models have been developed and optimised with regard to their sustainability. -> In the future, strategic urban planning as well as real-world projects can build on these designs.
-> The decarbonisation of the energy system calls for new ways of generating and consuming energy as well as new forms of relations between energy producers and consumers.
-> It is important to understand the complexity of factors influencing the effectiveness and success of smart grid initiatives targeted at small consumers across Europe.
-> It is equally important to assess the impact local solutions have on the whole energy system before applying them widely at regional or national level.
Author: Michael Ornetzeder
-> Die Dekarbonisierung des Energiesystems erfordert neue Wege der Energiebereitstellung, aber auch ein neues Verhältnis zwischen Erzeugern und VerbraucherInnen.
-> Es ist wichtig, die Komplexität der Einflussfaktoren für den Erfolg und die Wirksamkeit von Smart-Grid-Lösungen zu verstehen.
-> Ebenso wichtig ist es, die Auswirkungen lokaler Lösungen auf das gesamte Energiesystem abzuschätzen, bevor sie auf regionaler oder nationaler Ebene breit angewendet werden.
-> The shift towards greater use of renewable energy necessitates more dedicated storage in electrical power systems to provide short-term flexibility.
-> Electricity storage facilitates the decoupling of electricity supply and demand, and can be used to provide a wide range of ancillary services.
-> The future deployment of dedicated electricity storage in Austria and the EU will be strongly influenced by future policies for electricity market design, system operating rules, technology investments, and involvement of consumers and prosumers.
-> Der Wandel hin zu einer stärkeren Nutzung regenerativer Energiequellen erfordert den Ausbau elektrischer Speicher, um kurzfristige Flexibilität zu gewährleisten.
-> Die Speicherung elektrischer Energie erleichtert die Entkopplung von Stromangebot und -nachfrage und kann für eine Vielzahl von Nebenleistungen genutzt werden.
-> Der künftige Einsatz von elektrischen Energiespeichern in Österreich und der EU wird stark von künftigen Strategien für die Gestaltung des Strommarktes, den Regeln für den Betrieb der Systeme, Technologieinvestitionen und der Einbeziehung von VerbraucherInnen beeinflusst werden.
Tel.: +43 (0)1 515 81-6589
Fax: (+43-1-) 51581-6570
Bäckerstraße 13, 1010 Vienna
ornetz(at)oeaw.ac.at
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