Prospects of internet-based political participation (STOA)

The Internet has opened up new opportunities for political engagement. But to what extent does the potential of e-participation contribute to creating a European public community and improving the quality of democratic decision-making at the EU level?

The project investigated the potential of Internet-based applications to improve political participation and the quality of democratic decision-making in Europe. It looked at opportunities for citizens to participate via the new media, including, among others, e-voting solutions. Good practice examples of e-participation activities of the member states provided a useful basis for recommendations to European decision-makers, as did the results of two discussions with international experts in e-participation and members of the European Parliament.

E-Consultations, E-Petitions, E-Deliberations

There are many examples of how the internet can be used to enhance participation in political processes, including e-consultations, e-petitions, e-deliberation and, in special domains such as budgeting and urban planning. These examples include top-down initiatives to enhance participation as well as bottom-up approaches, where citizens get mobilised and organise their request over the Internet. A major challenge is to allow a constructive linkage of bottom-up and top-down initiatives in order to improve the connectivity of (e-)participation and its integration into political processes. The European Citizens’ Initiative could play a positive role in this respect.

E-Voting not recommended

However, e-voting is no such example and wasn’t recommended for the time being. The reasons for this are primarily cost-benefit considerations, technological issues and reasons of political legitimacy. As elections are at the heart of the democratic process, existing and working election routines should not be changed without good reasons.

Conclusion

The Internet can help to generate a European public. Although the issues discussed are as yet very specific and entail a fragmented rather than a uniform and broadly informed audience, the exchanges cut across national borders. An open question is how these specialised public opinions can be linked and how they can be re-connected to the official political processes within the European institutions.

Publications

  • Outlook: The Way Forward for European E-Democracy. / Lindner, Ralf; Aichholzer, Georg; Beckert, Bernd et al.
    Electronic Democracy in Europe. Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting. Cham/Heidelberg/New York/Dordrecht/London: Springer, 2016. p. 185-195.
  • Electronic Democracy in Europe: An Introduction. / Lindner, Ralf; Aichholzer, Georg; Hennen, Leonhard et al.
    Electronic Democracy in Europe. Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting. Cham/Heidelberg/New York/Dordrecht/London: Springer, 2016. p. 1-17.
  • Electronic Participation in Europe. / Aichholzer, Georg; Strauß, Stefan; Gudowsky, Niklas et al.
    Electronic Democracy in Europe. Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting. Cham/Heidelberg/New York/Dordrecht/London: Springer, 2016. p. 55-132.
  • Electronic Democracy in Europe. Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting. / Lindner, Ralf (Editor); Aichholzer, Georg (Editor); Hennen, Leonhard (Editor).
    Heidelberg/New York/Dordrecht/London: Springer, 2016. 195 p.

    Dieser Band... ...ist eines der ersten Bücher zu den Themen elektronische Demokratie und elektronische Partizipation mit speziellem Fokus auf europäischer Politik und europäischen Institutionen,
 … vereint drei miteinander verknüpfte zentrale Perspektiven von elektronischer Demokratie (elektronische Öffentlichkeit, elektronische Partizipation und elektronisches Wählen), … bietet einen Überblick über die Hauptstränge des aktuellen akademischen Diskurses zum Thema Internet und Demokratie, und … entwickelt Politikvorschläge für Entscheidungsträger in Sachen europäischer Politik und Institutionen. Das Buch befasst sich als eines der ersten seiner Art systematisch mit dem Zusammenhang von elektronischer Demokratie und europäischer Politik. Es leistet einen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis des Potenzials von e-Partizipation für politische Prozesse und der Rolle neuer technischer Medien im Kontext repräsentativer Demokratie in Europa. Der gegenwärtige Zustand und die Aussichten elektronischer Demokratie in Europa werden aus drei, sich überschneidenden und miteinander verknüpften, Perspektiven untersucht: mit Blick auf elektronische Öffentlichkeit, elektronische Partizipation und elektronisches Wählen. Die Autoren bieten sowohl theoriegeleitete Reflexionen über den Beitrag elektronischer Demokratie zur Herausbildung einer europäischen Öffentlichkeit als auch reichhaltige empirische Analysen aktueller Entwicklungen im Bereich e Partizipation wie zum Beispiel zur Europäischen Bürgerinitiative oder zur Praxis elektronischen Wählens in Estland. Aufbauend auf den präsentierten Ergebnissen entwickelt das abschließende Kapitel Empfehlungen für künftige Wege zu einer sinnvollen Integration von elektronischer Demokratie in die Politik und Governance-Praxis auf europäischer Ebene.

  • E-public, e-participation and e-voting in Europe – prospects and challenges. Final Report. / Lindner, R; Beckert, B; Aichholzer, G et al.
    Karlsruhe, 2011.
  • E-Participation und Europäische Öffentlichkeit? / Strauß, S.
    In: ITA-Newsletter, No. Juni 2011, 18.06.2011, p. 15 f.
  • Can political communication via the Internet and e-participation contribute to the emergence of a European public sphere? Background Paper for the STOA Workshop on 26/05/11. / Hennen, L; Aichholzer, G; Strauß, S.
    2011.
  • Transparency for Common Good – offener Zugang zu Information im Kontext gesellschaftlicher und strategischer Spannungsfelder (ITA-manu:script 11-01). / Parycek, P; Schoßböck, J; Aichholzer, G (Redacting Function).
    2011. (ITA-manu:script).
  • E-Democracy in Europe – Prospects of Internet-based political participation (Theoretical framework and overview: in-depth examination of three selected areas – Phase II). / Lindner, R; Beckert, B; Aichholzer, G et al.
    Karlsruhe, 2010.
  • E-Democracy in Europe – Prospects of Internet-based political participation (Interim Report – Phase I). / Lindner, R; Beckert, B; Aichholzer, G et al.
    Karlsruhe, 2010.
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Conference Papers/Speeches

  • Brüssel

    Can political communication via the Internet and e-participation contribute to the emergence of a European public sphere? (Workshop Introduction)

    Aichholzer, G. (Speaker)

    26 May 2011

  • Wien

    Anmerkungen zur Onlinevariante der Europäischen Bürgerinitiative

    Aichholzer, G. (Speaker)

    23 Sep 2010

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Duration

03/2010 - 09/2011

Contact

  • Georg Aichholzer