VLACH symbols for Romanian varieties

The phonetic transcription used in the VLACH corpus bases on IPA principles and is complemented with specific signs from works dealing with standard Romanian (Rusu 1992) and with Romanian vernaculars outside Romania (e.g. Hungary: Marin & Mărgărit 2005: CLXXXI-CLXXXIV).

IPA	listen	VLACH	phonetic description	example (translation)
a	▶	Aa	near-open central unrounded	ásta (this)
b	▶	Bb	voiced bilabial plosive	bárbă (beard)
c	▶	K'k'	voiceless palatal plosive	ok' (eyes)
ɕ	▶	Śś	voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant	mold. fáśe (do)
d	▶	Dd	voiced alveolar plosive	dínte (tooth)
d'		D'd'	voiced alveolar palatalized plosive	Mold. d'ínt'i (tooth)
d͡z	▶	Ḑḑ	voiced alveolar sibilant affricate	reg. ḑîc (I say)
d͡ʒ	▶	Ǧǧ	voiced palato-alveolar affricate	ǧam (glas)
d͡ʑ	▶	Ǵǵ	voiced alveolo-palatal affricate	Boya. śîǵέ (he/she sat)
e	▶	Ee	close-mid front unrounded vowel	mérǧe (you go)
ə	▶	Ăă	mid central unrounded vowel	cásă (house)
ɛ	▶	Ɛɛ	open-mid front unrounded vowel	reg. ľεmn (wood)
f	▶	Ff	voiceless labiodental fricative	făínă (wheat)
ɟ	▶	G'g'	voiced palatal plosive	g'ață (ice)
ɡ	▶	Gg	voiced velar plosive	slúgă (slave)
h	▶	Hh	voiceless glottal fricative	hránă (food)
i	▶	Ii	close front unrounded vowel	dínte (tooth)
ɪ	▶	ɪɪ	near-close near-front unrounded	mold. védɪ (he/she sees)
ɨ	▶	Îî	close central unrounded vowel	rî́u (river)
j	---	Ĭĭ	palatal semi-vowel	ĭéste (he/she is)
j	▶	Jj	palatal approximant	reg. jo (I)
k	▶	Cc	voiceless velar plosive	cásă (house)
l	▶	Ll	alveolar lateral approximant	lup (wolf)
ɫ	▶	Ɫɫ	velarized alveolar lateral approx.	mold. ɫup (wolf)
ʎ	▶	L'l'	palatal lateral approximant	reg. ľεmn (wood)
m	▶	Mm	bilabial nasal	máre (big)
mʲ		Ḿḿ	bilabial palatalized nasal	Ban. ḿáre (honey)
n	▶	Nn	alveolar nasal	náre (nose)
ɲ	▶	Ńń	palatal nasal	bań (money)
ŋ	▶	Ŋŋ	velar nasal	î́ŋcă (still)
o (ɔ)	▶	Oo	(close-)mid back rounded vowel	foc (fire)
ɔ	▶	Ɔɔ	open-mid back rounded vowel	Ard. ţɔ́le (blankets)
ɤ	▶	Îî	close-mid back unrounded	reg. pî́ine (bread)
p	▶	Pp	voiceless bilabial plosive	lúpul (the wolf)
r	▶	Rr	alveolar trill	réče (cold)
rʲ		Ŕŕ	alveolar palatalized trill	lumănắŕ (candles)
ʀ	▶	Ʀʀ	uvular fricative	ind. ʀéče (cold)
s	▶	Ss	voiceless alveolar sibilant	cásă (house)
ʃ	▶	Șș	voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant	úșă (door)
t	▶	Tt	voiceless alveolar plosive	sfátul (the advice)
t'	▶	T't'	voiceless palatal-alveolar plosive	Ard. copt'í (children)
t͡s	▶	Țț	voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate	puțín (few)
t͡ʃ	▶	Čč	voiceless palato-alveolar affricate	če (what)
t̠͡ɕ	▶	Ćć	voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate	Ban. fraće (brother)
u	▶	Uu	close back rounded vowel	bun (good)
v	▶	Vv	voiced labiodental fricative	vále (valley)
w	▶	Ŭŭ	voiced labio-velar approximant	cafeáŭă (coffee)
z	▶	Zz	voiced alveolar sibilant	văzút (seen)
ʑ	▶	Źź	voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant	Boya. źos (down)
ʒ	▶	Žž	voiced palato-alveolar sibilant	žos (down)

Abbreviations

Ard.	Ardeal
Ban.	Banat
Boya.	Boyash
ind.	individual
Mold.	Moldova
reg.	regional (diverse)

Name	Purpose	Storage duration	Type	Provider
CookieConsent	Remembers your consent to the use of cookies.	1 year	HTML	Web Consent
fe_typo_user	Assigns your browser to a session on the server. This only affects the content you see and is not evaluated or processed by us	-	HTTP	Web User

Name	Purpose	Storage duration	Type	Provider
_pk_id	Used to store a few details about the user like unique visitor ID.	13 months	HTML	Matomo-id
_pk_ref	Used to store information about the user's referring website.	6 months	HTML	Matomo-ref
_pk_ses	Short-term cookie to save temporary data from the visit.	30 minutes	HTML	Matomo-ses
_pk_cvar	Short-term cookie to save temporary data from the visit.	30 minutes	HTML	Matomo-cvar
_pk_hsr	Short lived cookie used to temporarily store data for the visit.	30 minutes	HTML	Matomo

Name	Purpose	Storage duration	Type	Provider
YouTube	A connection to YouTube will be established to view videos.	-	Connection	YouTube
SoundCloud	A connection to SoundCloud will be established to play audio files.	-	Connection	SoundCloud
Twitter	missing translation: trackingobject.Twitter.desc	-	missing translation: type.	Twitter
_cs_c	missing translation: trackingobject._cs_c.desc	394 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify (ContentSquare)
_cs_id	missing translation: trackingobject._cs_id.desc	394 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify (ContentSquare)
_ga	Used to distinguish users.	400 days	missing translation: type.	Google Analytics
_ga_BMC5VGR8YS	missing translation: trackingobject._ga_BMC5VGR8YS.desc	400 days	missing translation: type.	Google Analytics
_ga_S0T2DJJFZM	missing translation: trackingobject._ga_S0T2DJJFZM.desc	399 days	missing translation: type.	Google Analytics
_ga_ZWG1NSHWD8	missing translation: trackingobject._ga_ZWG1NSHWD8.desc	400 days	missing translation: type.	Google Analytics
_ga_ZWRF3NLZJZ	missing translation: trackingobject._ga_ZWRF3NLZJZ.desc	400 days	missing translation: type.	Google Analytics
_gid	Used to distinguish users.	1 days	missing translation: type.	Google Analytics
_ScCbts	missing translation: trackingobject._ScCbts.desc	6 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify
_scid	missing translation: trackingobject._scid.desc	395 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify
_scid_r	missing translation: trackingobject._scid_r.desc	395 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify
eupubconsent-v2	missing translation: trackingobject.eupubconsent-v2.desc	364 days	missing translation: type.	IAB / Spotify
OptanonAlertBoxClosed	Saves the state of your Vimeo data protection consent.	364 days	missing translation: type.	OneTrust
OptanonConsent	Saves the state of your Vimeo data protection consent.	365 days	missing translation: type.	OneTrust
sp_adid	missing translation: trackingobject.sp_adid.desc	365 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify
sp_landing	missing translation: trackingobject.sp_landing.desc	1 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify
sp_m	missing translation: trackingobject.sp_m.desc	399 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify
sp_t	missing translation: trackingobject.sp_t.desc	365 days	missing translation: type.	Spotify

Lab

Abbreviations