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TWG: | Transregional Conduits of Communication Elite Multilinguality Diversity, Identification and Distinction |
Persian Writing Manuals for Scribes in Mongol Anatolia and Iran
Persian writing manuals were not merely repositories of stylistic norms. They functioned as practical tools for the training of scribes and the mobility of elites and their technical expertise. This case study investigates inshāʼ literature as a key medium of bureaucratic communication and knowledge transmission in the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. Focusing on scribal manuals produced in Mongol Anatolia and Iran, it explores how administrative expertise and practices of written communication circulated across political and regional boundaries in the wake of Mongol expansion. Writing manuals served as nodal points linking courts, scholars, and scribal elites from Iran to Anatolia, and this research examines them as material artifacts of knowledge transmission rather than abstract literary genres: attending to manuscript layout, paratexts, compilation strategies, didactic design, and patterns of circulation alongside close textual analysis. This approach also illuminates the close entanglement of Persian with Arabic, as Qurʼanic citations, ḥadīth, prayers, poems, and Arabic technical terminology were systematically integrated into Persian prose, pointing to a high degree of elite multilinguality in administrative and intellectual contexts. Furthermore, by foregrounding the didactic dimensions of these manuals, the research offers a case study of how written practices and administrative knowledge shaped transregional documentary cultures during a period of profound transformation.