Concepts and Patterns of Chinese Migration, with Reference to Southeast Asia / / Leo Suryadinata, Dorcas Gan.

• Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter ISEAS Complete eBook-Package 2022
• VerfasserIn: Suryadinata, Leo,; Gan, Dorcas,
• Place / Publishing House: Singapore : : ISEAS Publishing, , [2022]; ©2022
• Year of Publication: 2022
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (32 p.)
• Other title: Frontmatter --; Foreword --; Executive Summary --; Roots (根) and Patterns of Chinese Migration --; LUODI SHENGGEN or SHIGEN – Taking Local Roots or Losing Original Roots --; LUOYE GUIGEN – Falling Leaves Return to Their Roots --; WUGEN or DUOGEN – Wugen or Duogen --; Conclusion
• Format: Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.
• ISBN: 9789815011913; 9783110767117
• DOI: 10.1355/9789815011913
• Access: restricted access
• Hierarchical level: Monograph
• Statement of Responsibility: Leo Suryadinata, Dorcas Gan.

Concepts and patterns of Chinese migration are often described with terms such as guigen (归根, return to one’s original roots), shenggen (生根, sprout local roots), shigen (失根, lose original roots), wugen (无根, without roots), and duogen (多根, many roots). These terms, linked to the Mandarin word gen (根, roots), carry various meanings including home, citizenship, ethnicity, as well as local language, culture and society. In Southeast Asia, the predominant patterns of migration are shenggen/shigen, guigen, shenggen/shigen, wugen and/or duogen. These concepts represent the mainstream patterns during various periods, which may admittedly exist concurrently. The pattern in each particular period is influenced by an array of internal and external factors, such as colonial and subsequently government policies directed at migrants, as well as forces and opportunities afforded by globalization. Since the 1980s, the wugen or duogen concept has been at the forefront as Chinese migrate or even remigrate to developed countries. Notably, these migrants may be descendants of previously assimilated Chinese migrants from earlier periods.