Martin Heidegger

Martin Heidegger}} (; 26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976) was a German philosopher, widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important of the 20th century, known for groundbreaking contributions to ontology, phenomenology, hermeneutics, and existentialism. His work covers a range of topics including metaphysics, art, religion, and language.

In April 1933, Heidegger was elected as rector at the University of Freiburg and has been widely criticized for his membership and support for the Nazi Party during his tenure. After World War II, he was dismissed from Freiburg and banned from teaching after denazification hearings at Freiburg. There has been controversy about the relationship between his philosophy and Nazism.

In Heidegger's first major text, ''Being and Time'' (1927), ''Dasein'' is introduced as a term for the type of being that humans possess. Heidegger believed that ''Dasein'' already has a "pre-ontological" and concrete understanding that shapes how it lives, which he analyzed in terms of the unitary structure of "being-in-the-world". Heidegger used this analysis to approach the question of the meaning of being; that is, the question of how entities appear as the specific entities they are. In other words, Heidegger's governing "question of being" is concerned with what makes beings intelligible as beings. Provided by Wikipedia