Migration und Integration von Migranten
Einstellungen zur Immigration in Europa: Ökonomische und kulturelle Ängste im Vergleich
Henriette Engelhardt, Vegard Skirbekk
In dieser Studie werden anhand aktueller Daten des European Social Survey (ESS) die Effekte individueller Charakteristika sowie ökonomischer und kultureller Faktoren unter Kontrolle von Makroindikatoren auf die Einstellungen zur Immigration in 21 europäischen Ländern untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass ökonomische Befürchtungen etwas stärker als kulturelle Ängste die Einstellung zur Immigration determinieren. Dieses Resultat bestätigt sich auch unter Kontrolle diverser Makroindikatoren. Darüber hinaus haben sowohl ökonomische als auch kulturelle Faktoren einen stärkeren Effekt auf Präferenzen bezüglich Immigration aus ärmeren als aus reicheren europäischen und nicht-europäischen Ländern.
Fremdenfeindlichkeit in Österreich
Gustav Lebhart
Als Resümee der am Institut für Demographie mit Surveydaten aus den Jahren 1992 (PPA1), 1998 (BMBWK-Forschungsschwerpunkt) und 2001 (PPA2) durchgeführten Studien über Einstellungen der österreichischen Bevölkerung zu Ausländern, Migration und Integration sowie zu einschlägigen Politiken erschien Band 19 der Schriftenreihe des Instituts.
Interrelationships between attitudes towards fertility and migration
Richard Gisser
Starting point of this project are the following questions: Do pro-natalist and „xenoskeptic“ attitudes go together? Likewise, are anti-natalist and pro-immigrant attitudes related to each other? If yes, in which combinations and to which extent can this be observed? Along which correlates are such interrelationships manifest in terms of socio-demographic variables and policy orientations of the individuals, and in terms of context variables referring to welfare systems and demographic regimes? The analysis will be based on PPA2 data.
FEMAGE – Needs for Female Immigrants and their Integration in Ageing Societies
Dimiter Philipov, Katrin Fliegenschnee
The objectives are to generate knowledge about obstacles and needs for opportunity enhancement for the economic and social integration of women immigrants in a life-course perspective, identify requirements for integrative interaction between immigrants and national population in the host country, build this knowledge into a platform for the policy deliberations among key policy stakeholders, and elaborate recommendations on needs for immigrants and support policies and services for their integration in view of population ageing in Europe. The project makes use of findings from in-depth interviews with around 30 immigrant women in each of the participating countries, as well as from focus group discussions with key stakeholders held to identify challenges to integration and expected needs for future immigration policies. The project also capitalises on the already gathered data among nationals regarding migration and the integration of immigrants. It directly addresses female third-country nationals residing in 8 EU Member States. It will record their experiences, needs, attitudes and expectations concerning immigration and integration policies and practices and viewpoints regarding their own old age. The researchers’ role is that of brokers between female immigrants, the national population and the key policy actors, including social partners and NGOs working with immigrant women. The expected benefits are at the level of elaborating supporting measures for the economic and social integration of immigrant women, mobilisation of a broad population base in the host countries to foster better understanding of the long-term need for migrants and their integration in ageing societies, consultations of stakeholders, and mobilisation of the critical mass of institutions and researchers in 9 EU Member States to gain new knowledge for improving integration processes and services in the framework of the Lisbon agenda and process.
Migration analyses for Austria
Sergei Scherbov, Richard Gisser
Applying the methodology of population dynamics it is possible to ascertain the contribution of migration (immigration and emigration) to future population size and structure under certain politically relevant preconditions. Following research questions will be tackled.
Replacement migration: What should be the annual number of migrants to keep the old-age dependency ratio at a certain predefined level assuming the current age-specific migration schedule? What should be the annual number of migrants to keep the old-age dependency ratio at a certain predefined level estimating an optimal age-specific migration schedule?
Retirement age: What should be the retirement age to keep the old-age dependency at a certain predefined level? What is the contribution of migration to changes in retirement age? How does migration influence the age at retirement assuming a predefined level of the old-age dependency ratio?
Since marginal changes in the parameters sometimes may have huge effects on magnitudes, the sensitivity of the outcomes will be analysed too.